using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ChangeTracking;
using Volo.Abp.Domain.Entities.Events;
using Volo.Abp.EventBus.Local;
using Volo.Abp.Identity;
public class IdentityUserUpdatedHandler :
ILocalEventHandler<EntityUpdatedEventData<IdentityUser>>
{
private readonly IDbContextProvider<IIdentityDbContext> _dbContextProvider; // or your unified DbContext provider
public IdentityUserUpdatedHandler(IDbContextProvider<IIdentityDbContext> dbContextProvider)
{
_dbContextProvider = dbContextProvider;
}
public async Task HandleEventAsync(EntityUpdatedEventData<IdentityUser> eventData)
{
// Ensure we are in the same UoW/DbContext where the change is tracked
var dbContext = await _dbContextProvider.GetDbContextAsync();
// Get the tracked Entry for this entity
var entry = dbContext.Entry(eventData.Entity);
if (entry.State != EntityState.Modified)
{
// Not tracked or not modified in this context
return;
}
// Read original and current values
var originalName = entry.OriginalValues[nameof(IdentityUser.Name)]?.ToString();
var currentName = entry.CurrentValues[nameof(IdentityUser.Name)]?.ToString();
var originalSurname = entry.OriginalValues[nameof(IdentityUser.Surname)]?.ToString();
var currentSurname = entry.CurrentValues[nameof(IdentityUser.Surname)]?.ToString();
var nameChanged = !string.Equals(originalName, currentName, StringComparison.Ordinal);
var surnameChanged = !string.Equals(originalSurname, currentSurname, StringComparison.Ordinal);
if (nameChanged || surnameChanged)
{
// Your logic here (publish another event, call a service, etc.)
}
}
}
Notes:
Inject the IDbContextProvider for the DbContext that tracks IdentityUser (e.g., your unified AppDbContext if you call builder.ConfigureIdentity()).
This handler must run within the same Unit of Work as the update so the Entry has OriginalValues. ABP’s auto entity events are published in the same UoW as of v5+, so this works when your update happens via repositories/UoW.
Alternative: EF Core SaveChanges interceptor If you prefer not to rely on the local event to get original values, you can implement an interceptor that always has access to ChangeTracker before saving:
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Diagnostics;
using Volo.Abp.Identity;
public class UserNameChangeInterceptor : SaveChangesInterceptor
{
public override InterceptionResult<int> SavingChanges(DbContextEventData eventData, InterceptionResult<int> result)
{
var context = eventData.Context;
if (context == null) return base.SavingChanges(eventData, result);
foreach (var entry in context.ChangeTracker.Entries<IdentityUser>().Where(e => e.State == EntityState.Modified))
{
var originalName = entry.OriginalValues[nameof(IdentityUser.Name)]?.ToString();
var currentName = entry.CurrentValues[nameof(IdentityUser.Name)]?.ToString();
var originalSurname = entry.OriginalValues[nameof(IdentityUser.Surname)]?.ToString();
var currentSurname = entry.CurrentValues[nameof(IdentityUser.Surname)]?.ToString();
if (!string.Equals(originalName, currentName, StringComparison.Ordinal) ||
!string.Equals(originalSurname, currentSurname, StringComparison.Ordinal))
{
// Your logic here
}
}
return base.SavingChanges(eventData, result);
}
}
Register the interceptor in your DbContextOptions during module ConfigureServices.
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Root cause: When using the distributed event bus (RabbitMQ), the handler runs in a background consumer without an HTTP scope, so there is no ambient tenant set automatically. IdentityUserCreatedEto contains TenantId; you must set the tenant context for the duration of your handler to resolve tenant-scoped services/settings correctly.
Quick fix (wrap the handler body in ICurrentTenant.Change):
using Volo.Abp.MultiTenancy;
public class AccountIdentityUserCreatedEventHandler :
IDistributedEventHandler<IdentityUserCreatedEto>,
ITransientDependency
{
protected IdentityUserManager UserManager { get; }
protected IAccountEmailer AccountEmailer { get; }
protected ISettingProvider SettingProvider { get; }
protected ICurrentTenant CurrentTenant { get; }
public AccountIdentityUserCreatedEventHandler(
IdentityUserManager userManager,
IAccountEmailer accountEmailer,
ISettingProvider settingProvider,
ICurrentTenant currentTenant)
{
UserManager = userManager;
AccountEmailer = accountEmailer;
SettingProvider = settingProvider;
CurrentTenant = currentTenant;
}
public async Task HandleEventAsync(IdentityUserCreatedEto eventData)
{
using (CurrentTenant.Change(eventData.TenantId))
{
if (eventData.Properties["SendConfirmationEmail"] == true.ToString().ToUpper() &&
await SettingProvider.IsTrueAsync(IdentitySettingNames.SignIn.RequireConfirmedEmail))
{
var user = await UserManager.GetByIdAsync(eventData.Id);
var confirmationToken = await UserManager.GenerateEmailConfirmationTokenAsync(user);
await AccountEmailer.SendEmailConfirmationLinkAsync(
user,
confirmationToken,
eventData.Properties.GetOrDefault("AppName") ?? "MVC"
);
}
}
}
}
This ensures SettingProvider (and any tenant-scoped logic like repositories, feature checks, etc.) work under the correct tenant.
If you need host-level settings for some reason, wrap only the required code block with Change(null).
Notes:
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A) Override the IdentityUserAppService UpdateAsync (best if you only need to affect this specific endpoint)
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Volo.Abp.Application.Services;
using Volo.Abp.DependencyInjection;
using Volo.Abp.Identity;
using Volo.Abp.Users;
[Dependency(ReplaceServices = true)]
public class MyIdentityUserAppService : IdentityUserAppService
{
public MyIdentityUserAppService(
IdentityUserManager userManager,
IIdentityUserRepository userRepository,
IIdentityRoleRepository roleRepository)
: base(userManager, userRepository, roleRepository)
{
}
public override async Task<IdentityUserDto> UpdateAsync(Guid id, IdentityUserUpdateDto input)
{
// Load current (old) values
var oldUser = await UserRepository.GetAsync(id);
var oldSurname = oldUser.Surname;
var oldEmail = oldUser.Email;
// Call the default update pipeline
var result = await base.UpdateAsync(id, input);
// Compare with new values
var newSurname = result.Surname;
var newEmail = result.Email;
if (!string.Equals(oldSurname, newSurname, StringComparison.Ordinal))
{
// Your logic when surname changed
// e.g., publish a distributed event, call an external service, etc.
}
if (!string.Equals(oldEmail, newEmail, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
// Your logic when email changed
}
return result;
}
}
B) Override/extend IdentityUserManager (when you want to enforce logic at the domain level)
C) Use extension to the admin UI and profile UI (if you need UI-driven logic) – not required for backend comparison but helpful when you also need to surface or control fields. For DTO extra properties to flow correctly through built-in services (like profile), ensure module extension mappings are applied to the related DTOs:
public class MyModule : AbpModule
{
private static readonly OneTimeRunner OneTimeRunner = new OneTimeRunner();
public override void PostConfigureServices(ServiceConfigurationContext context)
{
OneTimeRunner.Run(() =>
{
ModuleExtensionConfigurationHelper.ApplyEntityConfigurationToApi(
IdentityModuleExtensionConsts.ModuleName,
IdentityModuleExtensionConsts.EntityNames.User,
getApiTypes: new[] { typeof(IdentityUserDto), typeof(ProfileDto) },
createApiTypes: new[] { typeof(IdentityUserCreateDto) },
updateApiTypes: new[] { typeof(IdentityUserUpdateDto), typeof(UpdateProfileDto) }
);
});
}
}
Notes about “events get called a lot” and comparing old/new data:
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Apply the checklist below and republish:
[DependsOn(
typeof(AbpAspNetCoreMvcModule)
// + other dependencies...
)]
public class LmsWebModule : AbpModule
{
public override void ConfigureServices(ServiceConfigurationContext context)
{
// Allow ABP to find embedded Razor pages of this module
Configure<AbpVirtualFileSystemOptions>(options =>
{
options.FileSets.AddEmbedded<LmsWebModule>();
});
context.Services
.AddRazorPages()
.AddApplicationPart(typeof(LmsWebModule).Assembly);
}
public override void OnApplicationInitialization(ApplicationInitializationContext context)
{
var app = context.GetApplicationBuilder();
var env = context.GetEnvironment();
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
// IMPORTANT for ABP virtual/embedded files (including Razor pages/views)
app.UseAbp(); // ensures UseAbpVirtualFiles inside the pipeline
app.UseConfiguredEndpoints(); // maps Razor Pages
}
}
services.AddControllersWithViews()
.AddApplicationPart(typeof(LmsWebModule).Assembly)
.AddControllersAsServices();
services.AddRazorPages()
.AddApplicationPart(typeof(LmsWebModule).Assembly);
<ItemGroup>
<ProjectReference Include="..\..\modules\Lms\src\Lms.Web\Lms.Web.csproj" />
<!-- repeat for other modules that have Razor Pages -->
</ItemGroup>
If you pack modules as NuGet packages, ensure the package is referenced by the host and contains the compiled Razor views (RCL).
<ItemGroup>
<Content Include="wwwroot\**\*">
<CopyToPublishDirectory>Always</CopyToPublishDirectory>
</Content>
</ItemGroup>
<modules>
<remove name="WebDAVModule" />
</modules>
<handlers>
<remove name="WebDAV" />
</handlers>
<PropertyGroup>
<ErrorOnDuplicatePublishOutputFiles>false</ErrorOnDuplicatePublishOutputFiles>
</PropertyGroup>
in the host web project as a workaround.
app.UseCorrelationId();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseAbp(); // registers ABP middleware incl. virtual files and localization, etc.
app.UseConfiguredEndpoints(); // ABP maps controllers and Razor Pages
If these steps are applied, the same module Razor Pages that work locally will be discovered and served on IIS.
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Fix it by granting the required permissions to the user/role, or by removing the permission requirements from menu items if you want them always visible.
Step-by-step (recommended)
Optional checks
context.Menu.AddItem(
new ApplicationMenuItem(
"CmsKit.Settings",
L["Menu:CmsSettings"],
url: "/CmsKit/Settings",
icon: "fa fa-cog",
requiredPermissionName: CmsKitPermissions.SettingManagement
)
);
If requiredPermissionName is set, the user must have that permission.
await _permissionManager.SetForRoleAsync("admin", CmsKitPermissions.SettingManagement, true);
await _permissionManager.SetForRoleAsync("admin", CmsKitPermissions.PageFeedback.SettingManagement, true);
await _permissionManager.SetForRoleAsync("admin", "Forms.Form", true);
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Root cause
How to get consistent results (server and Angular)
Configure<PermissionOptions>(options =>
{
// Insert at the beginning to ensure it’s checked first
options.ValueProviders.Insert(0, typeof(MyCustomPermissionValueProvider));
// If you previously used Add(), it appends to the end — change it to Insert(0, ...)
});
// Pseudocode inside your configuration builder
foreach (var permission in permissionDefinitionManager.GetPermissions())
{
var granted = await permissionChecker.IsGrantedAsync(permission.Name);
if (granted)
{
dto.Auth.GrantedPolicies[permission.Name] = true;
}
}
- If you haven’t overridden anything, fixing provider order (step 1) is typically sufficient.
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What exit code -42 means in ABP Studio
Likely causes from your log and setup
Fix checklist (perform on every affected machine)
Notes for Blazor WASM + Public Website profile
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public class AccountQueryAppService : ApplicationService
{
private readonly IReadOnlyRepository<Account, Guid> _accountRepo;
public AccountQueryAppService(IReadOnlyRepository<Account, Guid> accountRepo)
{
_accountRepo = accountRepo;
}
[UnitOfWork(IsTransactional = false)]
public virtual async Task<AccountSummaryDto> GetSummaryAsync(Guid id)
{
var query = await _accountRepo.GetQueryableAsync();
var dto = await query.Where(x => x.Id == id)
.Select(x => new AccountSummaryDto { Id = x.Id, Balance = x.Balance })
.FirstOrDefaultAsync();
return dto;
}
}
[ConnectionStringName("ReadOnly")]
public class ReadOnlyDbContext : AbpDbContext<ReadOnlyDbContext>
{
public DbSet<Account> Accounts { get; set; }
public ReadOnlyDbContext(DbContextOptions<ReadOnlyDbContext> options) : base(options) { }
protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder builder)
{
base.OnConfiguring(builder);
builder.UseQueryTrackingBehavior(QueryTrackingBehavior.NoTracking);
}
}
public class ReadOnlyAccountRepository : IReadOnlyRepository<Account, Guid>
{
private readonly ReadOnlyDbContext _dbContext;
public ReadOnlyAccountRepository(ReadOnlyDbContext dbContext) { _dbContext = dbContext; }
public async Task<IQueryable<Account>> GetQueryableAsync()
=> await Task.FromResult(_dbContext.Set<Account>().AsNoTracking());
}
Commands continue to use the default write DbContext/connection. This isolates read traffic to replicas and protects OLTP writes.
Reporting architecture
public class PrepareDailyLedgerJobArgs { public DateOnly Date { get; set; } }
public class PrepareDailyLedgerJob : AsyncBackgroundJob<PrepareDailyLedgerJobArgs>
{
private readonly IReportProjectionService _projection;
public PrepareDailyLedgerJob(IReportProjectionService projection) { _projection = projection; }
public override async Task ExecuteAsync(PrepareDailyLedgerJobArgs args)
{
await _projection.BuildDailyLedgerAsync(args.Date); // read from OLTP, write into reporting store
}
}
Use the Event Bus to publish domain events on transaction commit; a subscriber projects them into a reporting model (append-only or summarized aggregates). This keeps OLTP queries simple and reporting isolated.
Data stores: keep OLTP in SQL Server; create a separate reporting database (same SQL Server or separate instance). Point reporting UI to the reporting DB or read-only context.
Caching strategy (financial data)
public class CurrencyRatesCacheItem
{
public DateTime AsOf { get; set; }
public Dictionary<string, decimal> Rates { get; set; } = new();
}
public class CurrencyRateAppService : ApplicationService
{
private readonly IDistributedCache<CurrencyRatesCacheItem> _cache;
public CurrencyRateAppService(IDistributedCache<CurrencyRatesCacheItem> cache) { _cache = cache; }
[UnitOfWork(IsTransactional = false)]
public virtual async Task<CurrencyRatesCacheItem> GetRatesAsync()
{
return await _cache.GetOrAddAsync(
"CurrencyRates:Current",
async () => await LoadRatesAsync(),
() => new DistributedCacheEntryOptions { AbsoluteExpirationRelativeToNow = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5) }
);
}
}
public class TransactionAppService : ApplicationService
{
private readonly IDistributedCache<AccountSummaryDto> _cache;
private readonly IRepository<Transaction, Guid> _txRepo;
private readonly IUnitOfWorkManager _uowManager;
public async Task PostAsync(CreateTransactionDto input)
{
await _txRepo.InsertAsync(Map(input));
await CurrentUnitOfWork.SaveChangesAsync();
_uowManager.Current.OnCompleted(async () =>
{
await _cache.RemoveAsync($"AccountSummary:{input.AccountId}");
});
}
}
Avoid caching mutable balances unless you can tolerate staleness for a short TTL; otherwise, cache reference data and computed report snapshots.
Database optimization
Additional ABP recommendations that help at scale
Configuration checklist for your monolith
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[DependsOn(
typeof(AbpHttpClientIdentityModelModule), // needed if you authenticate with OpenID Connect/IdentityModel
typeof(YourAppHttpApiClientModule) // from the Tiered app
)]
public class YourSingleWebModule : AbpModule
{
public override void ConfigureServices(ServiceConfigurationContext context)
{
// Remote service base URL
Configure<AbpRemoteServiceOptions>(options =>
{
options.RemoteServices.Default = new RemoteServiceConfiguration("https://your-tiered-api-root");
});
}
}
{
"RemoteServices": {
"Default": {
"BaseUrl": "https://your-tiered-api-root"
}
}
}
- If your HttpApi.Client module uses a custom remote service name, configure that key instead of Default. The key must match the remote service name used during proxy registration.
public class MyPageModel : PageModel
{
private readonly IBookAppService _bookAppService;
public MyPageModel(IBookAppService bookAppService)
{
_bookAppService = bookAppService;
}
public async Task OnGetAsync()
{
var result = await _bookAppService.GetListAsync();
// use result.Items...
}
}
{
"IdentityClients": {
"Default": {
"Authority": "https://your-auth-server",
"GrantType": "password",
"ClientId": "YourClientId",
"ClientSecret": "YourClientSecret",
"UserName": "admin",
"UserPassword": "1q2w3E*",
"Scope": "openid profile email roles YourApp"
}
}
}
Client Credentials (service-to-service):
{
"IdentityClients": {
"Default": {
"Authority": "https://your-auth-server",
"GrantType": "client_credentials",
"ClientId": "YourMachineClient",
"ClientSecret": "YourClientSecret",
"Scope": "YourApp"
}
}
}
3) With AbpHttpClientIdentityModelModule added, ABP automatically obtains tokens and sends authorized requests for all configured client proxies.
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Volo.Abp.DependencyInjection;
using Volo.Abp.Http.Client.Authentication;
[Dependency(ReplaceServices = true)]
[ExposeServices(typeof(IRemoteServiceHttpClientAuthenticator))]
public class CurrentUserRemoteServiceAuthenticator :
IRemoteServiceHttpClientAuthenticator, ITransientDependency
{
private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;
public CurrentUserRemoteServiceAuthenticator(IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
{
_httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
}
public async Task Authenticate(RemoteServiceHttpClientAuthenticateContext context)
{
var httpContext = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext;
if (httpContext == null) return;
var accessToken = await httpContext.GetTokenAsync("access_token");
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(accessToken))
{
context.Request.Headers.Authorization =
new System.Net.Http.Headers.AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", accessToken);
}
}
}
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